Which linux kernel to install

List or Check Installed Linux Kernels using command line

H ow do I list all installed kernel on Linux operating system? How do I find out current kernel version?

You can use standard package listing command to list installed Linux kernels on your Linux operating systems. This page shows how to list kernel using the command line.

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	Linux command-line
Est. reading time	1m

List or Check Installed Linux Kernels

The command varies from one Linux distribution to another. In other words, you need to type the command as per your Linux distro.

RedHat / CentOS / RHEL / Fedora Linux user

You need to use standard rpm command or yum command to list installed software. Type the following command at shell prompt:
$ rpm -qa kernel
Sample Outputs:

Here is another outputs from RHEL 8 server:

One can run the yum command/dnf command as follows:
yum list installed kernel
OR
dnf list installed kernel

Listing installed kernels on RHEL 8

To list / display current running kernel version

Type the following uname command:
$ uname -r
$ uname -mrs
Sample outputs:

Another outputs from my Ubuntu Linux 18.04 LTS desktop

Find installed kernel version for Debian / Ubuntu / Pop!_OS Linux

Use the dpkg command along with the grep command to list all installed kernel on your Debian or Ubuntu Linux, enter:
$ dpkg —list | grep linux-image
Sample outputs:

Let us see outputs from my Ubuntu Linux 18.04 LTS desktop:

Arch Linux user

Run the pacman command as follows:
pacman -Q | grep linux

SUSE Enterprise Linux or openSUSE Linux user

Execute the following rpm command:
rpm -qa | grep -i kernel
From my OpenSUSE 15.2 server:

How do I find manually compiled and installed kernels that aren’t in the package manager?

Try to locate them in /lib/modules/ directory using the ls command:
ls -l /lib/modules/

Alpine Linux user

Run the apk command:
# apk info -vvv | grep -E ‘Linux’ | grep -iE ‘lts|virt’
And we will see:

How do I list custom compiled kernel?

Use the following find command:
sudo find /boot/ -iname «vmlinuz*»
Here is what I see:

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Please note that vmlinuz is the name of the Linux kernel executable. Typically stored in /boot/ directory. The vmlinuz is a compressed Linux kernel file. It is a bootable file for loading the Linux operating system into memory. On some older Linux distros including latest one, you may find another file called vmlinux. It also the kernel file but in a non-compressed and non-bootable format. To list files in /boot/ run the ls command:
ls -l /boot/
The Linux kernel is compiled by issuing the following command:
sudo make install
The kernel binary on the original UNIX operating system was called unix. When a new Unix kernel containing support for virtual memory was finally written at the University of California at Berkeley, the kernel binary was called vmunix. Hence, the Linux kernel binary is also known as vmlinuz.

Conclusion

You learned how to list installed Kernels version using a bash shell prompt. See how to compile Linux kernel for more information or visit official Linux kernel website here.

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How To Find Which Linux Kernel Version Is Installed On My System

I am a new proud Linux user. My question to you is – how do I check Linux Kernel version? How do I find my Linux Kernel Version installed on my PC? Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Introduction : The Linux kernel is the central (core) component of Linux operating systems. Its responsibilities include managing the system’s resources and the communication between hardware and software components. It also maintains the security of your system. Hence, finding out the version information is a good idea for patching and other sysadmin management tasks.

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	No
Requirements	None
Est. reading time	1m

Commands to find your Linux Kernel Version

To check Linux Kernel version, try the following commands:

1. uname -r : Find Linux kernel version
2. cat /proc/version : Show Linux kernel version with help of a special file
3. hostnamectl | grep Kernel : For systemd based Linux distro you can use hotnamectl to display hostname and running Linux kernel version

Let us see all commands and examples in details.

How to check kernel version on Linux server/desktop/laptop

You need to use then uname command to print certain system information including kernel name. Type the following command to print kernel version number:
$ uname -r
Sample outputs:

So my Linux kernel version is 4.15.0-39, where:

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• 4 : Kernel version
• 15 : Major revision
• 0 : Minor revision
• 39 : Patch level or number
• generic : Linux distro/kernel specific additional info

Understanding uname command options

To print certain system information you use uname command. It has the following options:

-a, OR —all	print all information
-s, OR —kernel-name	print the kernel name
-n, OR —nodename	print the network node hostname
-r, OR —kernel-release	print the Linux kernel release
-v, OR —kernel-version	print the kernel version
-m, OR —machine	print the machine hardware name
-p, OR —processor	print the processor type or “unknown”
-i, OR —hardware-platform	print the hardware platform or “unknown”
-o, OR —operating-system	print the operating system

Find Linux kernel using /proc/version file

Another option is to type the following cat command:
$ cat /proc/version
Sample outputs:

How to find your Linux Kernel version using hostnamect

Type the hostnamectl command along with grep command:
$ hostnamectl
$ hostnamectl | grep Kernel

Related media

This tutorial is also available in a quick video format:

Conclusion

You learned three diffent commands to display and show Linux kernel version on screen. For more info see the following pages too:

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How to Check Linux Kernel Version on Ubuntu & Linux Mint

Learn how to check Linux kernel version on Ubuntu, Linux Mint, and related Linux distributions, simply by running one single command.

All you need is a working keyboard, a few fingers, and a terminal app of your choice.

Before we share the command to run to check your kernel version, let’s quickly recap the reasons why you might want to find your Linux kernel version in the first place.

Check Kernel Version

One thing unites every Linux distro out there, from Ubuntu to Fedora, Solus to Arch: the Linux kernel.

But what is the Linux kernel?

Well, there are plenty of in-depth, super complex definitions which describe what the Linux kernel is in detail. But the ‘for dummies’ way to describe it is as the engine of your operating system, atop which everything else sits.

The Linux kernel is what allows everything you see on your computer to be there; it’s responsible for managing hardware resources, allocating memory, allowing processes to run, to communicate and to do what you need them to do.

New versions of the Linux kernel are released regularly, including both major releases with new features, performance optimisations, and hardware support, and minor releases that carry critical security fixes or bug patches.

Security issues and hardware support mean it’s important to know which kernel you’re on

Sometimes (like this month, with the whole Spectre and Meltdown security issues) it can be helpful to know what version of Linux you’re running on as different security issues affect different kernel versions.

By knowing which kernel version your Linux distro is using, you’ll be better placed to tell whether you should upgrade your kernel or not (and if you do, you’ll then know how to double-check to make sure you’re in the clear).

Of course, there may be other reasons why you want to know which version of Linux you’re running. Support for new hardware is often kernel-specific too. You need to upgrade the Linux kernel to get your latest gadget or peripheral working just right.

Explanation over, lets see how to quickly find your Ubuntu kernel version number (or that of any other distro)

Find Linux Kernel Version

The quickest way to find the Linux kernel version you’re currently using is to use the command line.

Open the Terminal app from your systems application menu (or press ctrl + alt + t ) and run the following command:

The uname command instantly tells you which Linux kernel version you’re using. The output will look similar to this (but with different numbers, of course)

What do these Linux kernel version numbers mean?

• 4. – Kernel version
• 14. – Major revision
• 0 – Minor revision
• –16 – Bug fix/revision detail
• –generic — architecture/build specific

The first number is the kernel version. This number changes the least frequently. At present Linux 4.x is the current series.

The second number is the major revision. In years past an even revision number would denote a stable release, and an odd number a development release however this is no longer the case.

The third and fourth numbers relate to which minor revision and security/bug fix release you’re using.

View Even More Linux Kernel Info

To get even more information about your kernel, such as whether it’s 32-bit or 64-bit, you can run the same command again, but this time add the -a flag to the end (‘a’ stands for ‘all’):

The uname command will instantly tell you what need to know, including more details on the specific kernel version, your OS, and even the date the kernel was installed!

Am I Running the Latest Linux Version?

Check your kernel number against that of the latest mainline and stable Linux kernel releases on the following website:

Bonus Tip: Use Neofetch to check

The uname command is my go-to suggestion for checking kernel details. But my top tip for those who want to see more system info on the command line or check Ubuntu version, is to install Neofetch,

Neofetch is a great utility. It gives you an organized overview of pretty much everything your system is running, including distro name, desktop shell, GTK theme, plus details on ubuntu version, uptime, and memory.

You can install Neofetch on Ubuntu from the Ubuntu Software. The app is also available in the repos of other major Linux distros too, including Arch and Linux Mint.

Once installed just run the neofetch command from a terminal app:

This article is part of our Ubuntu Basics series. If you have a topic or tutorial suggestion you think we help new Ubuntu users do get in touch using our contact form.

Home » How To » How to Check Linux Kernel Version on Ubuntu & Linux Mint

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3 Ways to Check Linux Kernel Version in Command Line

Last updated October 29, 2020 By Abhishek Prakash 25 Comments

Brief: Wondering which Linux kernel version your system uses? Here are several ways to check your kernel version in the Linux terminal.

You may find yourself in a situation where you need to know the exact Linux kernel version being used on your system. Thanks to the powerful Linux command line, you can easily find that out.

Quick way to check Linux kernel version

You can use the following command to get the Linux kernel version:

uname -r

There are other ways to get even more detailed information about kernel. Read the rest of the article to learn it in detail.

In this article, I’ll show you various methods for finding out your kernel version and tell you what those numbers actually mean. If you prefer videos, here’s a quick one. Don’t forget to subscribe to our YouTube channel for more Linux tips.

How to find Linux kernel version

I am using Ubuntu while writing this article. But these commands are generic and can be used on Fedora, Debian, CentOS, SUSE Linux or any other Linux distribution.

1. Find Linux kernel using uname command

uname is the Linux command for getting system information. You can also use it to find out whether you’re using a 32-bit or 64-bit system.

Open a terminal and type in the following command:

The output will be something similar to this:

This means that you’re running Linux kernel 4.4.0-97, or in more generic terms, you are running Linux kernel version 4.4.

But what do the other digits mean here? Let me explain:

• 4 – Kernel version
• 4 – Major revision
• 0 – Minor revision
• 97 – Bug fix
• generic – Distribution-specific string. For Ubuntu, it means I’m using the desktop version. For Ubuntu server edition, it would be ‘server’.

You can also use the uname command with the option -a. This will provide more system information if you need it.

The output of the command should like this:

Let me explain the output and what it means:

• Linux – Kernel name. If you run the same command on BSD or macOS, the result will be different.
• itsfoss – Hostname.
• 4.4.0-97-generic – Kernel release (as we saw above).
• #120-Ubuntu SMP Tue Sep 19 17:28:18 UTC 2017 – This means that Ubuntu has compiled 4.4.0-97-generic 120 times. A timestamp for the last compilation is also there.
• x86_64 – Machine architecture.
• x86_64 – Processor architecture.
• x86_64 – Operating system architecture (you can run a 32-bit OS on a 64-bit processor).
• GNU/Linux – Operating system (and no, it won’t show the distribution name).

But I’ll save you from information overload. Let’s see some other commands to find your Linux kernel version.

2. Find Linux kernel using /proc/version file

In Linux, you can also find the kernel information in the file /proc/version. Just look at the contents of this file:

You’ll see an output similar to what you saw with uname.

You can see the kernel version 4.4.0-97-generic here.

3. Find Linux kernel version using dmesg commad

dmesg is a powerful command used for writing kernel messages. It’s also very useful for getting system information.

Since dmesg provides an awful lot of information, you should normally use a command like less to read it. But since we’re here just to check the Linux kernel version, grepping on ‘Linux’ should give the desired output.

The output will have a few lines but you should be able to identify the Linux kernel version there easily.

How do you check your Linux kernel version and other information?

Of the three ways discussed here, I use uname all the time. It’s the most convenient.

What about you? Which command do you prefer for getting Linux kernel information?

Like what you read? Please share it with others.

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