What is gtk linux

What is gtk linux

GTK, or the GIMP Toolkit, is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces. Offering a complete set of widgets, GTK is suitable for projects ranging from small one-off tools to complete application suites.

GTK, The GIMP Toolkit, was initially made by the GNU Project for GIMP, but it is now a very popular toolkit with bindings for many languages. This article will explore the tools used to configure the GTK theme, style, icon, font and font size, and also detail manual configuration.

Contents

Installation

Three versions of GTK are currently available in the official repositories. They can be installed with the following packages:

• GTK 4.x is available with the gtk4 package.
• GTK 3.x is available with the gtk3 package.
• GTK 2.x is available with the gtk2 package.

• GTK 1.x is available with the gtkAUR package.

Themes

In GTK 3 and GTK 4, the default theme is Adwaita, but HighContrast and HighContrastInverse themes are also included. In GTK 2, the default theme is Raleigh, but Arch Linux has a custom configuration file at /usr/share/gtk-2.0/gtkrc , which sets the default theme to Adwaita.

To force a specific theme, set the following environment variables:

• For GTK 3 and GTK 4, use GTK_THEME . For example to launch GNOME Calculator with the dark variant of Adwaita:

• For GTK 2, use GTK2_RC_FILES . For example to launch GIMP with the theme Raleigh:

More themes can be installed from the official repositories or the AUR. Manually extracted themes go in

Themes supporting GTK 2 and GTK 3:

• Adapta — An adaptive GTK theme based on Material Design Guidelines. Includes: Adapta, Adapta-Eta, Adapta-Nokto, Adapta-Nokto-Eta

https://github.com/tista500/Adapta || adapta-gtk-theme

• Arc — A flat theme with a modern look and transparent elements. Includes: Arc, Arc-Dark, Arc-Darker

https://github.com/jnsh/arc-theme || with transparency: arc-gtk-theme , without transparency: arc-solid-gtk-theme

• Bluebird — Blue Desktop Suite for Xfce.

https://github.com/shimmerproject/Bluebird || xfce-theme-bluebirdAUR

• Breeze — GTK version of KDE’s default widget theme. Includes: Breeze, Breeze-Dark

https://invent.kde.org/plasma/breeze-gtk || breeze-gtk

• Deepin — Default theme for the Deepin desktop. Includes: deepin, deepin-dark

https://github.com/linuxdeepin/deepin-gtk-theme || deepin-gtk-theme

• GNOME Extra Themes — Extra themes for the GNOME desktop. Includes: Adwaita, Adwaita-dark, HighContrast

https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-themes-extra || gnome-themes-extra

• Greybird — A grey and blue Xfce theme, used by default in Xubuntu 12.04.

https://github.com/shimmerproject/Greybird || xfce-theme-greybirdAUR

• Materia — A Material Design-like flat theme for GTK3, GTK2, and GNOME-Shell.

https://github.com/nana-4/materia-theme || materia-gtk-theme

• MATE Themes — Default themes for the MATE desktop. Includes: BlackMATE, Blue-Submarine, BlueMenta, ContrastHighInverse, Green-Submarine, GreenLaguna, Menta, TraditionalGreen, TraditionalOk

https://github.com/mate-desktop/mate-themes || mate-themes

• Numix — A flat and light theme with a modern look (GNOME, Openbox, Unity, Xfce). Includes: Numix

https://github.com/numixproject/numix-gtk-theme || numix-gtk-theme-gitAUR

• Vertex — Theme for GTK 3, GTK 2, Gnome-Shell and Cinnamon.

https://github.com/horst3180/vertex-theme || vertex-themesAUR

• Zuki — Themes for GTK, gnome-shell and more.

https://github.com/lassekongo83/zuki-themes || zuki-themesAUR

There are a number of additional GTK themes in the AUR, example: search for gtk-theme.

GTK and Qt

If you have GTK and Qt (KDE) applications on your desktop then you know that their looks do not blend well. If you wish to make your GTK styles match your Qt styles please read Uniform look for Qt and GTK applications.

Configuration tools

Most major desktop environments provide tools to configure the GTK theme, icons, font and font size, and manage these settings via XSettings:

• If you use Cinnamon, use Themes tool (cinnamon-settings themes): go to System Settings > Themes.
• If you use Enlightenment: go to Settings > All > Look > Application Theme.
• If you use GNOME, use GNOME Tweaks (gnome-tweaks): install gnome-tweaks .
• If you use MATE, use the Appearance Preferences tool (mate-appearance-properties): go to System > Settings > Appearance.
• If you use Xfce, use the Appearance tool: go to Settings > Appearance.

Other GUI tools generally overwrite the configuration files.

Both GTK 2 and GTK 3 are supported:

• KDE GTK Configurator — Application that allows you to change style and font of GTK 2 and GTK 3 applications.

https://invent.kde.org/plasma/kde-gtk-config || kde-gtk-config After installation, kde-gtk-config can also be found in System Settings > Application Style > GNOME/GTK Application Style.

• LXAppearance — Desktop independent GTK 2 and GTK 3 style configuration tool from the LXDE project (it does not require other parts of the LXDE desktop).

https://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXAppearance || lxappearance-gtk3

• Oo-mox — Graphical application for generating different color variations of Numix and Flat-Plat themes (GTK 2 and 3), Archdroid and Gnome-Colors icon themes. Also allows generating pre-scaled GTK 2 themes for HiDPI displays.

https://github.com/actionless/oomox || themix-full-gitAUR

Only GTK 2 is supported:

Configuration

GTK settings can be specified manually in configuration files, but desktop environments and applications can override these settings. Depending on GTK version, these files are located at:

GTK 2 user specific:

/.gtkrc-2.0

GTK 2 system wide: /etc/gtk-2.0/gtkrc

GTK 3 user specific: $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/gtk-3.0/settings.ini , or $HOME/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini if $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is not set

GTK 3 system wide: /etc/gtk-3.0/settings.ini

Basic theme configuration

To manually change the GTK theme, icons, font and font size, add the following to the configuration files, for example:

If the theme is not applied for GTK 3, use gsettings in addition:

Dark theme variant

Some GTK 3 themes contain a dark theme variant, but it’s only used by default when the application requests it explicitly. To use dark theme variant with all GTK 3 applications, set:

Keyboard shortcuts

Keyboard shortcuts (otherwise known as accelerators in GTK) may be changed by hovering the mouse over the respective menu item, and pressing the desired key combination. To enable this feature, set:

Emacs key bindings

To have Emacs-like key bindings in GTK applications add the following:

For GTK3 also run:

XFCE has a similar setting:

The config files in /usr/share/themes/Emacs/ determine what the Emacs bindings are, and can be changed. Copying sections to the users

/.gtkrc-2.0 file allows for changes on a per user basis.

GNOME menu delay

This setting controls the delay between pointing the mouse at a menu and that menu opening. This delay is measured in milliseconds.

Reduce widget sizes

If you have a small screen or you just do not like big icons and widgets, you can resize things easily.

To have icons without text in toolbars (valid values), use

To use smaller icons, use a line like this:

Or to remove icons from buttons completely:

You can also remove icons from menus:

Hide CSD buttons

To remove the client-side decorations (CSD)[3] minimize and maximize buttons from gtk3 windows:

Disable mouse paste

To turn off pasting on middle mouse button click (aka PRIMARY):

File-chooser start-up location

Open the file-chooser within the current working directory and not the recent location. Normally the current working directory is the Home directory.

Change setting with the following command:

Add the following to

Legacy scrolling behavior

Prior to GTK 3.6, clicking on either side of the slider in the scrollbar would move the scrollbar in the direction of the click by approximately one page. Since GTK 3.6, the slider will move directly to the position of the click. This behaviour can be reverted in some applications by creating the file with the content below:

Disable overlay scrollbars

Since GTK 3.15, overlay scrollbars are enabled by default, meaning that scrollbars will be shown only on mouseover in GTK 3 applications. This behavior can be reverted by setting the following environment variable: GTK_OVERLAY_SCROLLING=0 . See Environment variables#Graphical environment.

GTK 4 will no longer support GTK_OVERLAY_SCROLLING . It has already been dropped from master. As of GTK 4, the overlay nature of the scrollbars is part of the toolkit. The blanket toggle has been removed to prevent developers from breaking applications that have not been tested with both combinations. To allow application developers to decide what their applications should look like, the toolkit instead provides a mechanism to opt-out or add a setting for users. The function gtk_scrolled_window_set_overlay_scrolling() can be used to enable/disable overlay scrolling on a per-application basis. Application developers can optionally use GSettings to have a user setting bound to the property.

Remove overlay scroll indicators

The positions of the overlay scrollbars are indicated by thin dashed lines in the application window. These dashed lines will be present even when overlay scrolling is disabled using the environment variable discussed in the section above. To remove the indicator lines, create the following file:

Examples

GTK example configurations:

GDK backends

GDK (the underlying abstraction layer of GTK) supports multiple backends to display GTK applications.

Wayland backend

The GDK Wayland backend is supported only by gtk3 and is the default backend when using Wayland display server.

Applications that use versions of GTK prior to gtk3 do not have wayland support, and need to use Xwayland in order to run on a wayland session using the X11 backend.

Xorg backend

If Xorg display server is in use, the backend defaults to x11 automatically.

It is possible to force GTK3 applications running on a wayland session to use the X11 backend through Xwayland by setting the environment variable GDK_BACKEND=x11 .

Broadway backend

The GDK Broadway backend provides support for displaying GTK applications in a web browser, using HTML5 and web sockets. [5]

When using broadwayd, specify the display number to use, prefixed with a colon, similar to X. The default display number is 0 (zero).

Port used by default

Alternatively can set address and port

Troubleshooting

Different themes between GTK 2 and GTK 3 applications

In general, if a selected theme has support for both GTK 2 and GTK 3, the theme will be applied to all GTK 2 and GTK 3 applications. If a selected theme has support for only GTK 2, it will be used for GTK 2 applications and the default GTK theme will be used for GTK 3 applications. If the selected theme has support for only GTK 3, it will be used for GTK 3 applications and the default GTK theme will be used for GTK 2 applications. Thus for application theme consistency, it is best to use a theme which has support for both GTK 2 and GTK 3.

You could find what themes installed on your system have both an GTK 2 and GTK 3 version by using this command (does not work with names containing spaces):

Theme not applied to root applications

As user theme files ( $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/gtk-3.0/settings.ini ,

/.gtkrc-2.0 ) are not read by other accounts, the selected theme will not apply to X applications run as root. Possible solutions include:

• Create symlinks, e.g

• Configure system-wide theme files: /etc/gtk-3.0/settings.ini (GTK 3) or /etc/gtk-2.0/gtkrc (GTK 2)
• Adjust the theme as root

• Use a settings daemon (this is what most desktop environments do). A desktop-agnostic variant using XSettings is available in the AUR under xsettingsd-gitAUR .

Client-side decorations

GTK 3.12 introduced client-side decorations, which move the title-bar away from the window manager. This may present issues such as double title-bars, no title-bar at all, double shadows with compositing enabled, or being unable to move a frozen application.

To remove the shadow and gap around windows (for example in combination with a tiling window manager), create the following file:

Note that if visual problems persist, you may want to use the GTK Inspector to find the offending elements as explained here [6].

To adjust the buttons in the header bar, use the gtk-decoration-layout setting. [7] The below examples removes all buttons:

To remove client-side decorations altogether, it’s possible to use a patched library like gtk3-classic AUR or gtk3-nocsd-git AUR .

cedilla ç/Ç instead of ć/Ć

See [8], and [9] for a workaround using Xcompose (US international layout).

Suppress warning about accessibility bus

If you do not use any Gnome Accessibility features, you may receive warnings like:

To suppress these warnings, execute programs with NO_AT_BRIDGE=1 or set that as a global environment variable.

Titlebar background color mismatch

If you are using a window manager which uses a window decoration theme that mimics the GTK theme background color, you may find that the titlebar color no longer completely matches the application color in some GTK 3 applications. As a workaround, create the following file:

Wrong focus events with tiling window managers

Define GDK_CORE_DEVICE_EVENTS=1 to use GTK2 style input, instead of xinput2. [11]

Thumbnail support for GTK file dialog

Install gtk2-patched-filechooser-icon-view AUR and gtk3-patched-filechooser-icon-view AUR to have the option to view files as thumbnails instead of list in the GTK file chooser.

Button and menu icons

The factual accuracy of this article or section is disputed.

For some applications in GNOME’s Wayland session. Your

/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini file is misconfigured. This can happen if you try other GTK based desktop environments. These are the offending values:

Simply set them to 0 or remove the whole file to use GNOME defaults.

GTK 3 without polkit

GTK3 depends on polkit through colord, which is required for printing. However printing works fine without polkit installed; at least with a monochrome printer and package versions gtk3-print-backends=3.22.19-2 and colord=1.4.1-1.

Some GTK 2 themes only change the UI color palette

Depending on the theme of choice’s support for GTK 2, UI controls may still have the default Raleigh appearance, possibly with a different color palette. This is due to these themes requiring the GTK 2 Murrine engine, which is missing (GTK 2 programs should complain about it on their standard error output). Install the gtk-engine-murrine package.

Patching GTK file chooser to use regular type ahead

GTK file chooser uses the same type-ahead-find feature as GNOME/Files. This can be very jarring and does not fit in very well with other desktop enviroments.

Some applications support XDG-desktop-portal which allows application to use the native file chooser. If that does not work you can restore type-ahead functionality by using a patched GTK, for example gtk3-classic AUR .

Text in GTK 4 applications is blurry or renders incorrectly

GTK 4 switched to to grayscale antialiasing without hinting when rendering fonts. There is no ability to switch back to the previous behavior. You can use gtk4-without-subpixel-hinting AUR to restore GTK 3 font rendering. GTK 4.6 will make a setting available that will restore some of the GTK 3 behavior. Subpixel antialiasing is not going to become available with this change.

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