Установить git bash mac os

1.5 Введение — Установка Git

Установка Git

Прежде чем использовать Git, вы должны установить его на своём компьютере. Даже если он уже установлен, наверное, это хороший повод, чтобы обновиться до последней версии. Вы можете установить Git из собранного пакета или другого установщика, либо скачать исходный код и скомпилировать его самостоятельно.

В этой книге используется Git версии 2.8.0. Хотя большинство используемых нами команд должны работать даже в старых версиях Git, некоторые из них могут не работать или действовать немного иначе, если вы используете старую версию. Поскольку Git отлично справляется с сохранением обратной совместимости, любая версия после 2.8 должна работать нормально.

Установка в Linux

Если вы хотите установить Git под Linux как бинарный пакет, это можно сделать, используя обычный менеджер пакетов вашего дистрибутива. Если у вас Fedora (или другой похожий дистрибутив, такой как RHEL или CentOS), можно воспользоваться dnf :

Если же у вас дистрибутив, основанный на Debian, например, Ubuntu, попробуйте apt :

Чтобы воспользоваться дополнительными возможностями, посмотрите инструкцию по установке для нескольких различных разновидностей Unix на сайте Git https://git-scm.com/download/linux.

Установка на Mac

Существует несколько способов установки Git на Mac. Самый простой — установить Xcode Command Line Tools. В версии Mavericks (10.9) и выше вы можете добиться этого просто первый раз выполнив ‘git’ в терминале.

Если Git не установлен, вам будет предложено его установить.

Если Вы хотите получить более актуальную версию, то можете воспользоваться бинарным установщиком. Установщик Git для OS X доступен для скачивания с сайта Git https://git-scm.com/download/mac.

Установка в Windows

Для установки Git в Windows также имеется несколько способов. Официальная сборка доступна для скачивания на официальном сайте Git. Просто перейдите на страницу https://git-scm.com/download/win, и загрузка запустится автоматически. Обратите внимание, что это отдельный проект, называемый Git для Windows; для получения дополнительной информации о нём перейдите на https://gitforwindows.org.

Для автоматической установки вы можете использовать пакет Git Chocolatey. Обратите внимание, что пакет Chocolatey поддерживается сообществом.

Установка из исходников

Многие предпочитают устанавливать Git из исходников, поскольку такой способ позволяет получить самую свежую версию. Обновление бинарных инсталляторов, как правило, немного отстаёт, хотя в последнее время разница не столь существенна.

Если вы действительно хотите установить Git из исходников, у вас должны быть установлены следующие библиотеки, от которых он зависит: autotools, curl, zlib, openssl, expat, and libiconv. Например, если в вашей системе используется dnf (Fedora) или apt-get (системы на базе Debian), вы можете использовать одну из следующих команд для установки всех зависимостей, используемых для сборки и установки бинарных файлов Git:

Для того, чтобы собрать документацию в различных форматах (doc, html, info), понадобится установить дополнительные зависимости:

Пользователи RHEL и производных от неё (таких как CentOS или Scientific Linux) должны подключить репозиторий EPEL для корректной установки пакета docbook2X

Если вы используете систему на базе Debian (Debian/Ubuntu/Ubuntu-производные), вам так же понадобится установить пакет install-info :

Если вы используете систему на базе RPM (Fedora/RHEL/RHEL-производные), вам так же понадобится установить пакет getopt , который уже установлен в системах на базе Debian:

К тому же из-за различий имён бинарных файлов вам понадобится сделать следующее:

Когда все необходимые зависимости установлены, вы можете пойти дальше и скачать самый свежий архив с исходниками из следующих мест: с сайта Kernel.org https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git, или зеркала на сайте GitHub https://github.com/git/git/releases. Конечно, немного проще скачать последнюю версию с сайта GitHub, но на странице kernel.org релизы имеют подписи, если вы хотите проверить, что скачиваете.

Затем скомпилируйте и установите:

После этого вы можете получать обновления Git посредством самого Git:

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Git Bash for Mac

Open source programming software

Git Bash allows you to take control of your software and developing projects. Local operations, decentralized systems, custom codes, and advanced command lines ensure a flawless workflow between you and your colleagues.

Programming made easy

Git Bash’s seamless workflow management gives you flexibility when developing your project.

Git allows you to better manage your programming and developing software with many unique functions like context switching, and individual checksumming. Familiarize yourself with basic code lines to create simple operations for a small server. Git’s open-source system lets you learn faster from other programmers by adding and utilizing their codes.

You create any branch from the main one and experiment as a separate file. You have the option to save all the codes and functions you wrote and merge them with the original branch. You undo everything without affecting the main source.

Every branch in Git Bash operates on its own network by making a copy of the main repository. This lets developers work independently on their assigned tasks without connecting to one server. You can, however, track all changes in the code lines of each branch when they get uploaded. You can decide to integrate the codes or make corrections at the Staging Area.

Begin developing your software by creating your own repository. You can make your project public and allow other programmers to participate in the operation. Your developers can copy the repository and get right to work. You also have the option to make your project private. This does require you to have your own server.

Where can you run this program?

You can run Git Bash on Mac, Linux Debian, Linux Fedora, and Windows.

Is there a better alternative?

No. Git has the most advanced features when it comes to programming and managing your software. You can try VCS like Beanstalk or Mercurial. These come with a simpler interface.

Our take

Git Bash has it all in terms of flexible management, and efficient coding. You can always count on Git Bash’s command-line tool to make sure your work is perfect. Definitely worth a try.

Should you download it?

Yes. With Git Bash you can develop your projects fast and easy.

• Distributed version control
• Open source
• Fast performance
• Steady data logging
• Command line tool

• Requires coding knowledge
• Some non-standard command lines
• Faster on Linux

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Install Git

Install Git on Mac OS X

There are several ways to install Git on a Mac. In fact, if you’ve installed XCode (or it’s Command Line Tools), Git may already be installed. To find out, open a terminal and enter git —version .

Apple actually maintain and ship their own fork of Git, but it tends to lag behind mainstream Git by several major versions. You may want to install a newer version of Git using one of the methods below:

Git for Mac Installer

The easiest way to install Git on a Mac is via the stand-alone installer:

Follow the prompts to install Git.

Open a terminal and verify the installation was successful by typing git —version :

Configure your Git username and email using the following commands, replacing Emma’s name with your own. These details will be associated with any commits that you create:

(Optional) To make Git remember your username and password when working with HTTPS repositories, configure the git-credential-osxkeychain helper.

Install Git with Homebrew

If you have installed Homebrew to manage packages on OS X, you can follow these instructions to install Git:

Open your terminal and install Git using Homebrew:

Verify the installation was successful by typing which git —version :

Configure your Git username and email using the following commands, replacing Emma’s name with your own. These details will be associated with any commits that you create:

(Optional) To make Git remember your username and password when working with HTTPS repositories, install the git-credential-osxkeychain helper.

Install Git with MacPorts

If you have installed MacPorts to manage packages on OS X, you can follow these instructions to install Git:

Open your terminal and update MacPorts:

Search for the latest available Git ports and variants:

Install Git with bash completion, the OS X keychain helper, and the docs:

Configure your Git username and email using the following commands, replacing Emma’s name with your own. These details will be associated with any commits that you create:

(Optional) To make Git remember your username and password when working with HTTPS repositories, configure the git-credential-osxkeychain helper.

Install the git-credential-osxkeychain helper

Bitbucket supports pushing and pulling your Git repositories over both SSH and HTTPS. To work with a private repository over HTTPS, you must supply a username and password each time you push or pull. The git-credential-osxkeychain helper allows you to cache your username and password in the OSX keychain, so you don’t have to retype it each time.

If you followed the MacPorts or Homebrew instructions above, the helper should already be installed. Otherwise you’ll need to download and install it. Open a terminal window and check:

If you receive a usage statement, skip to step 4. If the helper is not installed, go to step 2.

Use curl to download git-credential-osxkeychain (or download it via your browser) and move it to /usr/local/bin :

Make the file an executable:

Configure git to use the osxkeychain credential helper.

The next time Git prompts you for a username and password, it will cache them in your keychain for future use.

Install Git with Atlassian Sourcetree

Sourcetree, a free visual Git client for Mac, comes with its own bundled version of Git. You can download Sourcetree here.

To learn how to use Git with Sourcetree (and how to host your Git repositories on Bitbucket) you can follow our comprehensive Git tutorial with Bitbucket and Sourcetree.

Build Git from source on OS X

Building Git can be a little tricky on Mac due to certain libraries moving around between OS X releases. On El Capitan (OS X 10.11), follow these instructions to build Git:

From your terminal install XCode’s Command Line Tools (if you haven’t already):

Using Homebrew, install openssl:

Clone the Git source (or if you don’t yet have a version of Git installed, download and extract it):

To build Git run make with the following flags:

Install Git on Windows

Git for Windows stand-alone installer

When you’ve successfully started the installer, you should see the Git Setup wizard screen. Follow the Next and Finish prompts to complete the installation. The default options are pretty sensible for most users.

Open a Command Prompt (or Git Bash if during installation you elected not to use Git from the Windows Command Prompt).

Run the following commands to configure your Git username and email using the following commands, replacing Emma’s name with your own. These details will be associated with any commits that you create:

Optional: Install the Git credential helper on Windows

Bitbucket supports pushing and pulling over HTTP to your remote Git repositories on Bitbucket. Every time you interact with the remote repository, you must supply a username/password combination. You can store these credentials, instead of supplying the combination every time, with the Git Credential Manager for Windows.

Install Git with Atlassian Sourcetree

Sourcetree, a free visual Git client for Windows, comes with its own bundled version of Git. You can download Sourcetree here.

To learn how to use Git with Sourcetree (and how to host your Git repositories on Bitbucket) you can follow our comprehensive Git tutorial with Bitbucket and Sourcetree.

Install Git on Linux

Debian / Ubuntu (apt-get)

Git packages are available via apt:

From your shell, install Git using apt-get:

Verify the installation was successful by typing git —version :

Configure your Git username and email using the following commands, replacing Emma’s name with your own. These details will be associated with any commits that you create:

Fedora (dnf/yum)

Git packages are available via both yum and dnf:

From your shell, install Git using dnf (or yum, on older versions of Fedora):

Verify the installation was successful by typing git —version :

Configure your Git username and email using the following commands, replacing Emma’s name with your own. These details will be associated with any commits that you create

Build Git from source on Linux

Git requires the several dependencies to build on Linux. These are available via apt:

From your shell, install the necessary dependencies using apt-get:

Clone the Git source (or if you don’t yet have a version of Git installed, download and extract it):

To build Git and install it under /usr , run make :

Git requires the several dependencies to build on Linux. These are available via both yum and dnf:

From your shell, install the necessary build dependencies using dnf (or yum, on older versions of Fedora):

or using yum. For yum, you may need to install the Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL) repository first:

Symlink docbook2X to the filename that the Git build expects:

Clone the Git source (or if you don’t yet have a version of Git installed, download and extract it):

To build Git and install it under /usr , run make :

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Установить git bash mac os

Git Bash for Mac

Did you (finally) migrate from Windows to Mac and the only thing you miss is the lovely Git Bash? You have no idea what the Git Bash is (or Windows for that matters) and yet you really want to improve your Git experience on Mac?

Here it comes the Git Bash for Mac: a nice Terminal customisation that always shows you the branch you are on, powered by a tab-based autocompletion for all of Git’s subcommands, command-line parameters, and remotes and ref names.

Follow these steps:

1. from the Terminal , run

1. open Terminal -> Preferences -> Profiles and select the Pro theme;
2. restart the Terminal and enjoy!

Follow these steps:

1. from the Terminal , run

1. open Terminal -> Preferences -> Profiles and select the theme you used to have;
2. restart the Terminal and (un)enjoy!

You don’t like the colors of your new prompt? Open

/.git-bash-for-mac.sh and start messing up with it!

In addition, by simply exporting a couple of variables in

/.git-bash-for-mac.sh you can make you prompt even more informative:

• if you set export GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=1 , unstaged (*) and staged (+) changes will be shown next to the branch name;
• if you set export GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE=1 and something is stashed then a ‘$’ will be shown next to the branch name;
• if you set export GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES=1 and there are untracked files then a ‘%’ will be shown next to the branch name.

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