The linux network administrator guide
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Purpose and Audience for This Book
Sources of Information
File System Standards
Standard Linux Base
About This Book
The Official Printed Version
Conventions Used in This Book
Chapter 1. Introduction to Networking
Maintaining Your System
Chapter 2. Issues of TCP/IP Networking
The Internet Control Message Protocol
Resolving Host Names
Chapter 3. Configuring the Networking Hardware
A Tour of Linux Network Devices
The PLIP Driver
The PPP and SLIP Drivers
Other Network Types
Chapter 4. Configuring the Serial Hardware
Communications Software for Modem Links
Introduction to Serial Devices
Accessing Serial Devices
Using the Configuration Utilities
Serial Devices and the login: Prompt
Chapter 5. Configuring TCP/IP Networking
Mounting the /proc Filesystem
Installing the Binaries
Setting the Hostname
Assigning IP Addresses
Writing hosts and networks Files
Interface Configuration for IP
All About ifconfig
The netstat Command
Checking the ARP Tables
Chapter 6. Name Service and Resolver Configuration
The Resolver Library
Chapter 7. Serial Line IP
Dealing with Private IP Networks
Running in Server Mode
Chapter 8. The Point-to-Point Protocol
Using Options Files
Using chat to Automate Dialing
IP Configuration Options
Link Control Options
General Security Considerations
Authentication with PPP
Debugging Your PPP Setup
More Advanced PPP Configurations
Chapter 9. TCP/IP Firewall
Methods of Attack
What Is a Firewall?
What Is IP Filtering?
Setting Up Linux for Firewalling
Three Ways We Can Do Filtering
Original IP Firewall (2.0 Kernels)
IP Firewall Chains (2.2 Kernels)
Netfilter and IP Tables (2.4 Kernels)
TOS Bit Manipulation
Testing a Firewall Configuration
A Sample Firewall Configuration
Chapter 10. IP Accounting
Configuring the Kernel for IP Accounting
Configuring IP Accounting
Using IP Accounting Results
Resetting the Counters
Flushing the Ruleset
Passive Collection of Accounting Data
Chapter 11. IP Masquerade and Network Address Translation
Side Effects and Fringe Benefits
Configuring the Kernel for IP Masquerade
Configuring IP Masquerade
Handling Name Server Lookups
More About Network Address Translation
Chapter 12. Important Network Features
The inetd Super Server
The tcpd Access Control Facility
The Services and Protocols Files
Remote Procedure Call
Configuring Remote Login and Execution
Chapter 13. The Network Information System
Getting Acquainted with NIS
The Client Side of NIS
Running an NIS Server
NIS Server Security
Setting Up an NIS Client with GNU libc
Choosing the Right Maps
Using the passwd and group Maps
Using NIS with Shadow Support
Chapter 14. The Network File System
Mounting an NFS Volume
The NFS Daemons
The exports File
Kernel-Based NFSv2 Server Support
Kernel-Based NFSv3 Server Support
Chapter 15. IPX and the NCP Filesystem
Xerox, Novell, and History
Configuring the Kernel for IPX and NCPFS
Configuring IPX Interfaces
Configuring an IPX Router
Mounting a Remote NetWare Volume
Exploring Some of the Other IPX Tools
Printing to a NetWare Print Queue
NetWare Server Emulation
Chapter 16. Managing Taylor UUCP
UUCP Transfers and Remote Execution
UUCP Configuration Files
Controlling Access to UUCP Features
Setting Up Your System for Dialing In
UUCP Low-Level Protocols
Log Files and Debugging
Chapter 17. Electronic Mail
What Is a Mail Message?
How Is Mail Delivered?
How Does Mail Routing Work?
Chapter 18. Sendmail
Introduction to sendmail
Overview of Configuration Files
The sendmail.cf and sendmail.mc Files
Generating the sendmail.cf File
Interpreting and Writing Rewrite Rules
Configuring sendmail Options
Some Useful sendmail Configurations
Testing Your Configuration
Tips and Tricks
Chapter 19. Getting Exim Up and Running
If Your Mail Doesn’t Get Through
Mail Delivery Modes
Miscellaneous config Options
Message Routing and Delivery
Protecting Against Mail Spam
Chapter 20. Netnews
What Is Usenet, Anyway?
How Does Usenet Handle News?
Chapter 21. C News
The active File
C News in an NFS Environment
Maintenance Tools and Tasks
Chapter 22. NNTP and the nntpd Daemon
The NNTP Protocol
Installing the NNTP Server
Restricting NNTP Access
nntpd Interaction with C News
Chapter 23. Internet News
Some INN Internals
Newsreaders and INN
Configuring INN: the Basic Setup
INN Configuration Files
Managing INN: The ctlinnd Command
Chapter 24. Newsreader Configuration
Appendix A. Example Network: The Virtual Brewery
Connecting the Virtual Subsidiary Network
Appendix B. Useful Cable Configurations
A PLIP Parallel Cable
A Serial NULL Modem Cable
Appendix C. Copyright Information
Applicability and Definitions
Copying in Quantity
Collections of Documents
Aggregation with Independent Works
Future Revisions of this License
Appendix D. SAGE: The System Administrators Guild
Источник
Linux Network Administrator’s Guide, Second Edition
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Book description
Linux, a Unix-compatible operating system that runs on personal computers and larger servers, is valued above all for its networking strengths. The Linux Network Administrator’s Guide spells out all the information needed for joining a network, whether it’s a simple UUCP connection or a full LAN with a Linux system serving as a firewall, an NFS or NIS file server, and a mail and news hub. This book, which is one of the most successful to come from the Linux Documentation Project and remains freely distributable under its license, touches on all the essential networking software included with the operating system, plus some hardware considerations. Fully updated, the book now covers firewalls, including the use of ipchains and iptables (netfilter), masquerading, and accounting. Other new topics include Novell (NCP/IPX) support and INN (news administration). Original material on serial connections, UUCP, routing and DNS, mail and News, SLIP and PPP, NFS, and NIS has been thoroughly updated. Kernel options reflect the 2.2 kernel. However, some topics covered in other books (notably Samba and web server administration) are not in this book. Topics include:
Introduction to TCP/IP
Configuring network and serial hardware
Domain Name Service
Serial line communications using SLIP and PPP
Administering electronic mail, including sendmail and Exim
Administering Netnews, including INN and several news readers
Firewalling using ipfwadm, ipchains, and iptables (netfilter)
Masquerading and accounting
IPX configuration for a Novell Netware network
Источник
Использование программ настройки
Рассмотрим две наиболее полезных утилиты конфигурации последовательных устройств: setserial и stty.
Команда setserial
Ядро при запуске само пытается определить настройки устройств, но из-за их большого разнообразия это не всегда возможно. Хороший пример того, где это является проблемой, внутренние модемы, о которых мы говорили ранее. UART, который они используют, имеет 16-байтовый буфер FIFO, но он похож на UART 16450. Если мы определенно не сообщаем драйверу, что этот порт является устройством UART 16550, ядро не будет использовать расширенный буфер. Еще одним примером являются четырехпотровые карты, которые позволяют поделить один IRQ между несколькими устройствами. Нам, вероятно, придется сообщать ядру, который IRQ-порт предполагается использовать, и что IRQ может быть разделен несколькими устройствами.
setserial была создана, чтобы конфигурировать последовательный драйвер во время выполнения. Команда setserial обычно выполняется при начальной загрузке из скрипта, который в одних дистрибутивах называется 0setserial , а в других rc.serial . Этот скрипт обязан инициализировать последовательный драйвер, чтобы разместить любые нестандартные или необычные последовательные аппаратные средства в машине.
Команда setserial имеет большое количество параметров. Наиболее важные из них описаны в таблице 4-1. Остальные можно найти на man-странице по setserial.
Таблица 4-1. Параметры командной строки для setserial
Параметр | Описание | ||
---|---|---|---|
port port_number |
Параметр | Назначение |
---|---|
N |