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MAC OS X TFTP Software

KB ID 0001247

Problem

Every time I go to a networking event theres a sea of MacBooks in the audience, If techs like MacBooks so much why is there such a lack of decent TFTP software?

Solution

The thing is, I’m looking at the problem with my ‘Windows User’ head on. When I have a task to perform I’m geared towards looking for a program do do that for me. OS X is Linux (There I said it!) Linux in a pretty dress, I’ll grant you, but scratch the surface a little bit and there it is.

Why is that important? Well your already holding a running TFTP server on your hand, your MAC is already running a TFTP server, you just need to learn how to use it.

MAC OS X Native TFTP Server

As I said it’s probably running anyway, but to check, open a Terminal window and issue the following command;

If it’s not running you can manually start and stop the TFTP server with the following commands;

sudo launchctl load -F /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/tftp.plist

Stop TFTP

sudo launchctl unload -F /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/tftp.plist

Note: In macOS Catalina, it’s disabled by default, so if you don’t manually start it, you will see errors like;

It would normally go without saying, but If I don’t say it, the post will fill up with comments! Make sure your Mac is physically connected toВ the same network as the network device, and has an IP address in the same range.

And make sure the device, and the Mac can ‘ping’ each other.

Use Mac OS X TFTP Deamon To Copy a File To a NetworkВ Device

I’ve got a Cisco ASA 5505, but whatever the device is, does not really matter. You will have a file that you have downloaded, andВ you want to ‘send’ that file to a device. This file will probably be in your ‘downloads’ folder, the TFTP deamon uses the /private/tftpboot folder so we are going to copy the file there. Then set the correct permissions on the file.

Note: You can also use;

sudo chmod 777 /private/tftpboot
sudo chmod 777 /private/tftpboot/*

To set permissions on ALL files in this directory.

You can then execute the command on your device to copy the file across;

Use Mac OS X TFTP Deamon To Copy a File From a NetworkВ Device

There is a gotcha with the TFTP daemon, which is you cant copy a file to the TFTP daemon if that file does not already exist there. В Which at first glance sort of defeats the object, but what it really means id you have to have a file there with the same name and the correct permissions on it. In Linux you can create a file with the ‘Touch’ command.

You can then sent the file to your Mac from the device;

I Want Mac OS X TFTP Software!

Well you have a limited choice, if you don’t like using the Mac TFTP Daemon. You can install and use a GUI front end that uses the built in TFTP software.В

But if you want a ‘stand-alone’ piece of software then the only other one I’ve found is PumpKIN, you will need to disable the built in TFTP daemon or it will throw an error.

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Run a TFTP Server for Network Device Setups

. on Mac OS X or macOS

If you’re working with networking devices such as switches, routers or firewalls, to upgrade their firmware, you more often than not need a TFTP server. Here’s how to use the one included with Mac OS X or macOS.

Preparation

Mac OS X has a tftp server included, and you just have to start it and do a little configuration.

I found and set it up this way:

Find appropriate commands

Use the apropos command to see if there are any commands related to tftp . From Terminal:

The command replies:

Since the commands exist, you can use man to get more info. We would want the server version of this command, so that is the one with the d suffix (d is for “daemon”).

Looking at these results and Apple’s online version of the man info, we see it says:

This server should not be started manually; instead, it should be run using launchd(8) using the plist /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/tftp.plist . It may be started using the launchctl(1) load command; refer to the documentation for that utility for more information.

Start tftpd

The man file gives you the plist to use, so, you just start it with launchctl :

… and tftpd will start. Supply your password when sudo prompts for it.

You can confirm it’s running using netstat to check what is listening on its port, traditionally port 69 .

Serve a Firmware File

Now that the tftpd server is started, you need to put the firmware binary file in a specific location for the tftpd to be able to serve it to a requesting device. Namely your firmware files should be saved to /private/tftpboot . The tftp.plist file looks like this:

Symlink the tftpboot folder

You used to be able to change the tftpboot path, but OS X El Capitan and later macOSs have stronger security via their “SIP” system which makes things more difficult. Just symlink the tftpboot to a folder you have full control over. You can do it like this:

That being said, please note that I tested a fresh macOS Sierra install directly on /private/tftpboot , and tftp get and put from another Mac worked fine without the symlink in place, so YMMV. I confirmed with csrutil status that SIP is indeed enabled on my fresh macOS.

Japanese Mac keyboards don’t handle reverse solidus \ . To enter one you can press option-¥ .

Japanese Mac keyboards don’t handle reverse solidus \ . To enter one you can press option-¥ .

Copy firmware file into position

Now let’s serve a file. Let’s say we download a firmware for an HP switch, and want to upgrade its firmware to that version. The file downloaded is F_05_80.swi and is saved to our Downloads folder. Let’s move it to the correct folder, and set its permissions.

Get firmware file from tftpd

It differs by each device you’re upgrading, but typically you would set these:

• Method of upgrade: select tftp usually.
• IP address of tftpd server. This is the IP of your mac.
• Name of firmware file. Enter the exact name, getting the case exactly right.

Then there is usually a way to “execute” the transfer by a command or menu. Once the firmware is transferred and loaded, your device will usually restart.

Click the screenshot to see what it looks like on an HP switch.

Put a file from a device to tftpd

Sometimes you want to save a file from the device, to your tftp server. The tftp protocol is dumb and requires no authentication, so you need to specify in advance what the received filename will be. Use touch to do that.

Be sure to get the name exactly right, as mis-spellings are a common cause of errors here.

Be sure to get the name exactly right, as mis-spellings are a common cause of errors here.

Now you have a blank file that will be overwritten, when you specify it from your remote device. Make sure you specify exactly the same filename.

Stop tftpd

Be sure to unload the service when you’re not using it:

The aforementioned netstat command should return nothing.

Alternatives

There are a couple of GUI alternatives you can try, though I have not done so myself:

I hope this information helps someone.

About the Author

I’m Rick Cogley , and thanks for reading. I’m an experienced technologist, co-founder & -owner of eSolia Inc. I’m from America originally, but have been helping people and companies succeed in Japan since 1987. I’m an avid jogger, lover of music and puzzles, and family man with a wonderful wife and daughters. Please do me a favor and share and link to this post, comment on it, and maybe connect with me on other social sharing sites as well. Cheers!

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Using the Built-In macOS FTP, TFTP, SFTP, and HTTP Servers

Oct 21 st , 2016 | Comments

The macOS and OSX operating systems come with built in FTP, TFTP, SFTP, and HTTP servers. Here is how to enable them and use them.

FTP Server

To start an FTP server use this terminal command:

Users will need to authenticate to the macOS system using standard logins that are already on the macOS. When someone logs in, they will arrive in /Users/ / .

To stop the FTP server, run the following:

TFTP Server

The directory that serves files is /private/tftpboot .

To stop the TFTP server, either reboot or use this command:

SFTP Server

This one is different. Go to system preferences then Sharing . Check the box to enabe Remote Login . Once this is done, other people will be able to ssh and sftp to your macOS system.

HTTP Server

Apache comes bundled with macOS. To start it, run this command.

By default the files will be served from /Library/WebServer/Documents .

To disable the server, either reboot or do this command:

Checking Status

To check to see what’s running, run the command:

This will show you which ports are open on your macOS. For example if you have Apache running, you will see the following:

• HTTP = TCP 80
• FTP = TCP 21
• SSH = TCP 22
• SFTP = TCP 22
• TFTP = UDP 69

Note that TFTP is on UDP and won’t say listen. Just run netstat -an | grep 69 to find if it’s running.

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Using the Built in TFTP Server on OS X El Capitan

On Windows I love the lightweight and open source TFTPD32, but there may come a time when you find youself needing to transfer some files and all you have is your trusty mac.

Luckily there’s a built in tftp daemon that you can use in a pinch.

By default tftpd uses the following folder:

which is hidden in finder, but can be accessed by using “go to folder” or hitting Command+Shift+G and entering /private/tftpboot

To launch the daemon run the following commands:

Be sure Read/Write/eXecute permissions are set on the tftpboot folder and any files you wish to transfer:

If you’ll be transferring a file TO your TFTP server, the file will technically need to exist on the server beforehand so create it with touch. For example:

If you’d like a graphical front end for launching tftp then check out the great TftpServer.

Now go ahead and get transferring.

27 thoughts on “Using the Built in TFTP Server on OS X El Capitan”

Thanks, that was helpful! Obviously TFTP Tool does not let me change the working path on El Capitan. That’s ok, but unexpected 😉 Works fine now!

THANK YOU. I’d been fighting with PXE all day and with your instructions, I got it working.

Thank you for taking time to write this post. I actually was running the TFTP Gui and it stopped working after updating to El Capitan. Running these two commands below helped me.
sudo chmod 777 /private/tftpboot
sudo chmod 777 /private/tftpboot/*

Nice post. It did what I needed it to do. Do I just reboot or is there anything to do to shut down the tftp server?

I did find a Mac terminal pocket guide in our office. I did a sudo launchctl stop com.apple.tftpd and a sudo launchctl unload /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/tftp.plist

I’ve tried three different tftp servers, and the problem I have on both my machines is that port 69 still shows closed. tcpdump shows the incoming tftp requests, and the filename, but that’s it. That bangs away for a minute, then the tftp on the other end (cisco switch) times out.

Any ideas? Firewall is off.

Make sure you are looking at the UDP port binding – not TCP
Make sure that nothing else has already binded to port UDP 69 (use netstat). If another process has it bound up, you will have to stop that process first
Make sure that you are trying to open the tftp server as root – since UDP 69 is a privileged port, you can’t get it open if you are not running as root

Click on start TFTP does not start the TFTP server. Anything I am missing?
Folder rights properly set. I see Green colour for both working folder and parent folder permissions.

@Prem: Did you ever get this working? I have the same problem.

$ brew install dnsmasq
$ dnsmasq -d –enable-tftp –tftp-root=.

Although English is not my mother tongue, I was born in the German speaking area, but as far as I understand I have to go with Mac OS X El Capitan, with Server Connect, sounds very promising.

But I will follow this tutorial point by point exactly with TFTP server, in case of problems with the installation I will log in here.

when use tftpserver,there are some error :
Apr 12 11:22:05 xiaoxiliudeMacBook-Pro TftpServer[18380]: objc[18380]: Class FIFinderSyncExtensionHost is implemented in both /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/FinderKit.framework/Versions/A/FinderKit (0x7fff8eaf9c90) and /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/FileProvider.framework/OverrideBundles/FinderSyncCollaborationFileProviderOverride.bundle/Contents/MacOS/FinderSyncCollaborationFileProviderOverride (0x114ba5cd8). One of the two will be used. Which one is undefined.

Thank you so much . been scratching head to find the way to make it work

HI I have been struggling this issue. My TfgpServer gui shows server status as “Stopped” while Attirbutes OK shows all green. Any advice?

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