Simple doors and windows

Doors and Windows are surely the most often represented types of GDL objects, which implies increased quality and optimality requirements.
To achieve this, the GDL developer must follow lots of general instructions, and has to rely on information coming from ARCHICAD a lot more than in case of other object types.
Doors and windows have to work error free in straight, trapeze and curved walls as well.
This lecture covers the basics of how to create a door/window in a straight wall, and the options you have to think about when creating them.

Note: in ARCHICAD, door and window objects include the wallhole as well.

Object types

Wall openings:
Door, Window, Corner window

Other wall connected types:
Wall niche, Chimney, air shaft, Wall end

To decide the type and let ARCHICAD know it, use special subtypes. Using the right subtype will sort your object into the correspoding Tool category, and enables ARCHICAD to use special positioning features on them: they can be only placed in an existing wall.
Subtypes to use:

• for door: Model Element/Opening/Wall Opening/Door (Wall)
• for window: Model Element/Opening/Wall Opening/Window (Wall)

Placing specials

The object itself has a rotated coordinate system in 3D:

the default position fits the wall, so axes X and Y are parallel to the wall surface, while axis Z is perpendicular to it.
Size “A” is measured on axis X, while size “B” is on the Y axis. The object origo is in the bottom center of the wall opening’s A size, moved on Z axis with sill depth (WIDO_SILL global) value.
This is all very helping when scripting the D/W structure, but gives us some difficulties when dealing with connected structures (such as sunshades, sills, boards etc.)

To check this, create a new window object (watch out for the correct subtype!), and place the following into its 3D script:

Check out the GDL Manual section about Door and Window objects for more about placing.

Globals of positioning I.

The following globals contain information about the position of a window/door inside a wall:
WIDO_SILL: this is the value set in Reveal Depth parameter.
WIDO_FRAME_THICKNESS: this is the value set in “Nominal Frame Thickness” parameter of the window/door (set in in Details/Compatibility options in GDL Editor).
WALL_THICKNESS: the global contains the full depth value of the wall the window/door is placed into.

Globals of positioning II.

The placing details can be identified by checking the current value of 3 more global variables:

• SYMB_MIRRORED: shows if the object is mirrored to the Y-Z plane in 3D or to the Y axis in 2D
• SYMB_ROTANGLE: shows if the object is “mirrored” by the longitudinal axis of the wall (rotation by 180 degrees)
• WIDO_REVEAL_SIDE: shows if the object is flipped

Flipping

Flipping means turning the window/door inside-out, but keeping its sill depth: the opening-opposite side changes.
ARCHICAD does the following steps when you hit the FLIP button in a door-window object:

Let’s see all 8 combinations depending on how you clicked the window/door into the wall, or what type of editing happened after placing.

Note: these options should be counteracted when dealing with manufacturer content, since a “real” window can not be mirrored or turned inside-out.
Moreso, there are connecting structure parts of a window/door, which parts should not be moved when the object is flipped:
sill, board, sunshade, casing is not supposed to turn inside out, they should stay on their original wall face.

Secure Doors and Windows with Simple Hardware

Many homeowners are not satisfied with the security hardware that comes standard on their doors and windows. It is probably a little extreme to line your door with deadbolts from top to bottom, but there are some simple things that you can do with some basic pieces of hardware that will greatly increase the physical security of your home.

Door Security

Let’s start with doors. Most of the time, when a thief breaks into a house through a door, it’s not the door or the lock that fails — it’s actually the jamb. Whether you have one deadbolt or five, if the door is hit with enough force, the bolts will simply break right through the back of the jamb they are resting in. A swift blow to the face of the door would be enough to splinter the backside of the jamb, and the door would swing wide open as though it were never locked.

While most entry doors come with a strike plate to prevent this from happening, it never gets installed on a lot of service doors. It is also a good idea to install an additional steel plate on the backside of the jamb when installing a new door. This strengthens the jamb and, combined with the strike plate, makes it nearly impossible to split. It is a very simple addition and it doesn’t affect the door aesthetically at all.

One thing to consider if you have glass in a door is a deadbolt that operates with a key instead of a levered switch. On a standard deadbolt you just turn the lever and extend the bolt into the jamb, thus securing the door. A door with glass, however, invites an intruder to simply break or cut the glass, reach through, and unlock the deadbolt. Even if a glass panel is broken or cut and the intruder is able to reach in to the lock, the absence of a levered switch means the door can’t be unlocked without a key, even from the inside.

These are a great solution for glass doors, but check your local building codes before installing this style of lock. They are not accepted everywhere because of fire safety reasons. Make sure that this sort of lock is not installed on a door that is your primary exit in the event of a fire. You don’t want to be stumbling around in the dark looking for your keys when you need to get out of the house quickly.

Securing Windows

As far as windows are concerned, there are several options available to increase security. The most secure style of window is a casement window. Casement windows are the style that have a crank inside and open outward on a gear system when the crank is turned. If you leave one open, the arm that operates the window’s action can be disconnected, which will allow the window to swing free. But, if you have casement windows, there really isn’t any way to open these from the outside as long as you remember to close and lock them.

Sliding windows open by sliding one panel to the left or right. Most come with a cam action lock similar to what you would find on the sash of a double or single hung window. There are a lot of ways to get in and around these sliding windows and sometimes the whole sash can even be removed. The best way to secure them is to purchase a bar that will prevent the sash from being moved. You can buy a spring loaded burglar bar that fits between the window frame and the sliding sash. Set the tension on the spring so the active sash can’t be moved at all. By eliminating the ability of that sash to move, you have eliminated most of the ways that an intruder could work that window into an entry point.

Double hung windows are the type that move up and down. Most come with a cam style lock that holds the top and bottom sash together so that neither one can move. An additional piece of hardware has been developed in recent years that has taken the security of these windows one step further. A small tab is installed into the face of the frame of the top sash. It can be pushed in, allowing the bottom sash to move up and down freely, or it can be extended so that the top rail of the bottom sash hits it when the window is raised. With the tab extended, the window will not open. Most vinyl double hung windows come standard with this feature now, but you can buy them separately and install them into a wooden window after the fact.

There are a myriad of gadgets, chains, and peripheral security items that you can add to your windows and doors to increase security. The most important thing when making a decision is to use a little common sense. Think about how your window or door operates when you are shopping for hardware. Make sure that it’s a good marriage between your entry point and the hardware that you use to protect it.

For more information on home security, read our article on Home Alarm Systems.

Simple doors and windows

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Simple doors and windows

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Windows and Doors Made Simple is a local family owned company based in the Twin Cities. We are a full service remodeler that handles jobs of all sizes. With over 25 years of experience, if your looking for windows, doors, or patio doors to complete your vision, we can help. With our experience, Windows and Doors Made Simple is here for you each step of the way. I guarantee to provide you the absolute best quality products and price for your budget. We work hard to ensure that all of the products we provide are high quality, affordable, low maintenance, and energy efficient. As a family man, I know the value of a dollar and I guarantee to provide you with the best possible service for your budget every time. Our Family owned business, is a company built upon quality, craftsmanship, and integrity. We value our customers greatly and guarantee quality craftsmanship and attention to detail on all of our contracting services.

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At Windows and Doors Made Simple; Quality, Craftsmanship, and Integrity is our first concern. Each Installation is a reflection of our guarantee to you as a satisfied customer. We take great pride and care in our work and our goal never changes. We make the complicated process of replacing and installing windows and doors simple. We strive to simply be the best at window and door installations.

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Call today at 612-232-0142

Windows and Doors Made Simple is owned and operated by Stout Construction Co.

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